Chapter 1 – Practice Problem Solutions – Odd Answers
- Identify each as either matter or not matter.
- a. a book – matter
- b. hate – not matter
- c. light – not matter
- d. a car – matter
- e. a fried egg – matter
- Give an example of matter in each phase: solid, liquid, or gas.
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Does each statement represent a physical property or a chemical property?
- a. Sulfur is yellow – physical property
- b. Steel wool burns when ignited by a flame – chemical property
- c. A gallon of milk weighs over eight pounds – physical property
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Does each statement represent a physical property or a chemical property?
- a. A pile of leaves slowly rots in the backyard –
- b. In the presence of oxygen, hydrogen can interact to make water –
- c. Gold can be stretched into very thin wires –
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Does each statement represent a physical change or a chemical change?
- a. Water boils and becomes steam – physical change
- b. Food is converted into usable form by the digestive system – chemical change
- c. The alcohol in many thermometers freezes at about −40 degrees Fahrenheit – physical change
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Does each statement represent a physical change or a chemical change?
- a. Graphite, a form of elemental carbon, can be turned into diamond, another form of carbon, at very high temperatures and pressures.
- b. The house across the street has been painted a new color.
- c. The elements sodium and chlorine come together to make a new substance called sodium chloride.
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Distinguish between an element and a compound. About how many of each are known? An element is a fundamental chemical part of a substance; there are about 115 known elements. A compound is a combination of elements that acts as a different substance; there are over 50 million known substances.
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What is the difference between a homogeneous mixture and a heterogeneous mixture?
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Identify each as a heterogeneous mixture or a homogeneous mixture.
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Identify each as a heterogeneous mixture or a homogeneous mixture.
- a. air
- b. dirt
- c. a television set
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In Exercise 8, which choices are also solutions? Choice b is the solution.
- In Exercise 9, which choices are also solutions?
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Why is iron considered a metal? Iron is a metal because it is solid, is shiny, and conducts electricity and heat well.
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Why is oxygen considered a nonmetal?
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Distinguish between a metal and a nonmetal. Metals are typically shiny, conduct electricity and heat well, and are malleable and ductile; nonmetals are a variety of colors and phases, are brittle in the solid phase, and do not conduct heat or electricity well.
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What properties do semimetals have?
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Elemental carbon is a black, dull-looking solid that conducts heat and electricity well. It is very brittle and cannot be made into thin sheets or long wires. Of these properties, how does carbon behave as a metal? How does carbon behave as a nonmetal? Carbon behaves as a metal because it conducts heat and electricity well. It is a nonmetal because it is black and brittle and cannot be made into sheets or wires.
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Pure silicon is shiny and silvery but does not conduct electricity or heat well. Of these properties, how does silicon behave as a metal? How does silicon behave as a nonmetal?
