Number and Operations
[latexpage]
\[ a+b = b+a \]
The essence of mathematics is not to make simple things complicated, but to make complicated things simple.
-S. Gudder
The “Dots and Boxes” approach to understanding operations used in this part (and throughout this book) comes from James Tanton, and is used with his permission. See his development of these and other ideas at http://gdaymath.com/.