Answer the following questions about the plate boundaries:

18. What layer of the Earth are tectonic plates made of?
19. List the two types of lithospheres.
20. Identify the three types of plate boundaries.
21. Match the three types of plate boundaries with how the plates interact: Pull apart, Collide/converge, or Sliding past each other
22. Match the three fault types with how the hanging wall fault block moves relative to the foot wall: Hanging Wall/Foot Wall/Neither goes down
23. Match the three fault types with how they experience stress: Tensional/ Compressional/Shear stress
24. Match the three fault types with the plate boundaries where they may occur: Divergent/Convergent/Transform plate boundaries
25. Earthquakes occur in one of these physical layers: Brittle/Ductile
26. More than 75% of all earthquakes on Earth occur in this type of plate boundary.

Let’s explore some of the locations around the world and the types of plate boundaries at these locations.

• 2 Plate Tectonics – An Introduction to Geology (opengeology.org)
• 9 Crustal Deformation and Earthquakes – An Introduction to Geology (opengeology.org)
• 11.2 Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics – Physical Geology – 2nd Edition (opentextbc.ca)
• Use the interactive map above – click on the image above to access the map.

27. Match the three boundary types with the patterns shown in the map above: Saw-tooth patterned lines, thick red lines, thin red lines

For each of the regions listed below identify the following: (i) type of plate boundary (convergent, divergent, transform), (ii) dominant fault type (normal, reverse/thrust, and strike-slip), (iii) names of major tectonic plates, (iv) other geological features (mountains, trenches, volcanoes, etc.)

28. San Andreas Fault
29. Andes Mountains
30. Aleutian Island Chain
31. Himalaya Mountains
32. Atlantic Mid-Ocean Ridge

In the map above, major earthquakes recorded near the plate boundaries are shown as yellow-colored dots, while volcanoes are shown as red-colored rectangles.

33. Some types of convergent boundaries are called subduction zones. Describe how these convergent boundaries are different from other convergent boundaries.
34. Which of the following regions are subduction zones?  San Andreas Fault, Andes Mountains, Aleutian Island Chain, Himalaya Mountains, Atlantic Mid-Ocean Ridge

Examine two subduction zones shown in Figures 11.2.3 and 11.2.4 at 11.2 Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics.  The dense oceanic plate subducts, while the less-dense continental plate is called the overriding plate. A deep trench forms at the plate boundary here.

35. Using information from figure 11.2.3, match the subducting and overriding plates.
36. According to data in Figure 11.2.3 where do shallow earthquakes (0-33 km depth) occur? Closer to the plate boundary or farther away from the boundary?
37. The depth of the earthquake (hypocenter) increases as the distance increases from the plate boundary (trench) increases. T/F
38. Shallow-to-deep earthquakes are associated with subduction zones. T/F
39. Subduction occurs at convergent plate boundaries having which two types of crust converging? Continental-Oceanic, Continental-Continental, or Oceanic-Oceanic
40. Examine the map of the earthquake pattern in Figure 11.2.4.  Based on your understanding of subduction zones, is subduction occurring in the Himalaya Mountains? Yes/No
41. Explain your answer to the previous question.